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Supreme Court nein Iccha mrityu ki di ijazat kaha samman se marne ka pura haq hai-Supreme Court verdict on Passive euthanasia

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Hello friend's,
Aaj ke is post mien aap sabhi ko Supreme Court ke us nirnay (verdict) ke bare mien baat karne ja rha hu jo ki Iccha mrityu ke bare mien hai. Supreme court ne aaj apne judgement mein Iccha mrityu ki anumati de di hai. Court ne apne is judgment mein ye bhi kaha ki samman (honor) se marna vyakti ka adhikar. Iske sath Five judge's bench nein Living Will ki bhi anumati de di hai. Ab koi bhi vyakti jinda rahte apni mrityu ke bare mein tay kar sakta hai.

Supreme Court nein Iccha mrityu ki di ijajat, kaha samman se marne ka pura haq hai. ( Supreme Court verdict on Passive euthanasia)

Aruna Ramchandra shanbag V/s Central Government of India 

Is case mien Aruna Ramchandra ki iccha mrityu ke liye petition dayar ki gyi thi, jisme Aruna Ramchandra jo ki ek rape victim thi, jiske sath Hospital ke ek ward boy ne rape kar usko marne ki kosis ki thi par vah bach gyi aur coma mein chali gyi. Wah 42 years tak coma mein rahi.
IS case ke antargat Supreme Court ne kaha tha ki sanvidhan kr Article 21 mein jine ka adhikar ke bare mein pravdhan kiya gya hai, na ki kisi vyakti ke mrne ka pravdhan kiya gya hai. lekin baad mien Supreme Court ne is case mien kaha ki court ki kadi nigrani mein asadharan condition mien Passive euthanasia diya ja sakta hai.

Chief justice Deepak Mishra ki adhyakshata wali sanvidhan peeth ne is bare mein  detail mien guideline bhi taiyar ki hai. Court ne apna yah nirnay Common Cause ki Writ par diya hai.



Guideline's
1.Iccha mrityu par akhiri nirnay Medical Borad karega, Board yah tay karega ki mareej ka ilaaj sambhav hai ya nahi hai. Yadi medical borad mareej ki report dekhne ke bad yah nirnay leta hai ki us marej ka ilaaj hona asambahav hai to, aise medical board ke adesh ke anusar us mareej ka life Supporting System hta diya jayega.

2. Healthy person ab apna Living Will District Magistrate ki nigrani mein likh sakta hai.

3.Living Will Yadi koi vyakti nahi likh pata hai aur wah aisi bimari se grashit hai jiska ilaj ho pana asambhav hai to aise mein marej ke ristedar ya parivar wale High Court ja  sakte hai.

4.High Court jo apna nirnay degi wah nirnay Medical Board ki report ke aadhaar par hi degi.
Living Will .

Living Will ka matlab yah hai ki ab koi bhi vyakti apni jevan ka nirnay le sakta hai. ab koi bhi vyakti yah likh-kar rakh sakta hai, ki yadi ussay koi aisi bimari ho jaati hai jiske kaaran se vah aisi awastha (condition) mein aa jata hai, jaha uska thik (cure) hona asambhav hai , to aise mein us vyakti ka life supporting machine jo ki ilaj ke time lagi hoti hai, wah machine hatane ke liye kah sakta hai.

Kendra ne kaha agr koi Living Will karta bhi hai, to aise mein Medical Board ki rai ke aadhaar par hi Life supporting Machine hataya ja sakta hai ya hataya jayega.

Euthanasia kya hai ?
NGO common cause ne 2005 mein is mamle par writ (Petition) court mein dakhil ki thi. Is Common cause ke advocate Prashant bhusan ne dhakil ki apni petition ke paksh (favor) mein kaha ki kisi ghambir bimari se joojh rahe logo ko "Living Will" banane ka adhikar diya jana chahiye. Living Will ek aisa document hoga jisme har ek vyakti yah likh sakega ki, jaha wah aisi condition mien pahuch jaye, jaha uske thik hone ki sambhavna bahut kam ho, to aise mien usay jabran Life Supporting System mien na rakha jaye.

Iccha mrityu kya hai ? ( What is Passive euthanasia?)
Iccha mrityu ka matlab yah hota hai, koi vyakti apni marji se mrna chahta hai.  Yadi koi vyakti kisi aisi gambhir bimari se grashit hai, to aise mein us vyakti ko dard se aram dilane ke liye doctor ki help se uski life ka ant karna hai.Yah 2 tarah ki hoti hai.

1. Passive euthanasia.  Yadi koi vyakti kaafi lambe time se coma mien hai, to aise mien yadi uski family ki permission se us vyakti ki Life Support System ko hataya jata hai to wah Passive euthanasia kha jayega. Isko supreme court ne manjuri de di hai.

2.Active euthanasia. Yadi koi vyakti aisi bimari se grashit hai jiska sahi hona asambhav hai. Yadi aise mien marej ko poision ya pain killer ke injection ki overdose dekar usay mara jata hai, to aisi mrityu ko Active euthanasia kha jayega.
Par India aur kai Countries mein isay illegal aur crime mana jata hai. Supreme Court ne isya manjuri nahi di hai.

 Supreme Court ke nirnay ( Iccha Mrityu) ke kuch ahem bindu.( Some main Point of Supreme Court verdict on Iccha Mrityu)

1. Living Will ko kuch sharto (condition's) ke sath hi manjuri di jayegi.

2. Iccha Mrityu par kanoon banne tak Supreme Court ki hi guide-line ko hi mana jayega.

3. Supreme Court ne yah bhi kaha ki vyakti ko garima ke sath mrne ka adhikar hai.

4. Supreme Court ne yah bhi kaha ki yadi mareej ko aisi koi bimari hogi jiska ilaj hona sambhav nahi hai, to likh-kar dena hoga.

5. Yadi vyakti ko aisa koi rog hai jiska ilaj hona asambhav hai aur us vyakti ko life Supporting System ke sahare se jivit rakha ja rha hai aur  yadi us vyakti ko jivit na rakhne ke sambandh mein likhit vasiyat di hai, to yah legal hoga.

Constitution Bench ke paas ye mamla kaise pahucha ?
2014  mein supreme Court ki 3 judge's ki bench nein Passive euthanasia par Aruna Shanbhag ke mamle mein 2011 mein diye gaye nirnay ko asangat bataya tha aur yah mamla 5 judge's ki bench ko transfer kar diya tha. Tab se yah case pending par tha.

Aruna Shanbag ka kya mamala hai ?
Aruna shanbag ke sath 27 November  1973 mein Mumbai ke KEM Hospital mein kaam kar rahe ek ward boy nein  allegedly rape kiya tha. lekin us ward boy par ya arop sabit (proof) nahi ho paya tha.
Us ward boy nein aruna  ke gale mien janjer kas-kar usay marne ki kosis ki, lekin aruna ki mrityu na ho kar wah coma mein chali gyi. Coma mein Aruna 42 saal rahi.
Akhir -kar apne is dard ko jhelti  18 may 2015 ko aruna ne apna yah sharir tyag diya aur unki mrityu ho gyi.

Pahli petition kisne dayar ki thi ?
 Issay pahle Journalist Pinki Virani nein Aruna Shanbag ki halat dekhtye huye 2011 mein unke liye iccha mrityu dene ki mang ki thi aur supreme court mein petition dayar ki thi.

Supreme Court ne Pinki Virani ki  petition kyo kharij kar diya thi ?
Supreme Court mein Pinki Virani ke dwara dayar ki gyi petition jo Aruna Shanbag ki iccha mrityu se sambandhit thi us par supreme court ne 7 march 2011 ko Passive euthanasia ko anumati de di thi. Lekin Aruna Shanbag ke liye supreme court se mangi gyi iccha mrityu ki petition ko kahrij kar di gyi thi.
Supreme Court ne apne nirnay mein yah kaha tha ki kuch khas condition mein sambandhit high court ke guide-line ke anusar hi passive euthanasia ki anumati di ja sakti hai. lekin iske liye 3 doctor aur mareej ke parivar walo ki anumati jaruri thi, aise mien Pinki Virani Aruna Shanbag ki parivar wali nahi thi, isliye supreme Court nein Pinki Virani ke dwara dayar ki Yachika ko kharij kar diya tha.

Jis Petition par nirnay aya wah kisne dayar ki thi aur Yachika-karta ka kya tha kahna?
Supreme Court mein chal rahi sunvai ke waqt Advocate Prashant bhusan ne kaha ki yadi kisi bhi vyakti ki life mien aisi condition aa jati hai ki vyakti Life Supporting System se jivit nahi rah sakta hai to, aise mien ya nirnay kiya jana chahiye ki kya bina Life Supporting  System  ke us vyakti ko bachaya ja sakta hai ya nahi ?

Sirf us vyakti ki marji honi chahiye ki wak kya Life supporting System ke sahare jivit rahna chahta hai ya nahi.

Prashant Bhusan ne apni dalil mein yah bhi kaha ki kisi vyakti ko aap uski marji ke bina jine ke liye majbor (force) nahi kar sakte hai.

Supreme court mein sunvai ke waqt yah bhi kaha gya ki yadi koi vyakti jo aise rog se grashit hai jiska ilaj asambhav hai aur vah vyakti jina nahi chahta hai, to uske liye doctor ki puri team lagana kaha tak sahi hai.

Supreme Court ne Arun Shanbag ke mamle mein kya nirnay diya  tha?
Supreme Court mein 8 march 2011 ko Pinki Virani ke dwara dayar ki gyi petition ko kharij kar diya tha lekin court ne yah bhi kaha tha ki Family ki anumati par kisi ko iccha mrityu di ja sakti hai.



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