Police adhikari kab bina warrant ke giraftar kar sakta hai-Arrest of person without warrant

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Kya hoti hai Giraftari? ( What do you understand by Arrest)

Giraftari ka matlab agar hum simple words me samjhe to yah kah sakte hai ki kisi vyakti ko vidhi (law) ke anusar us vyakti ki niji svatantrata (Personal liberty) se vanchit karne se hai. Criminal Procedure Code ke Section 46 ke anusar kisi vyakti ki giraftari usko touch karke ya sharir(body) ko rok kar ki jati hai. Yadi vyakti khud apne aap ko police ke hawale kar deta hai to aise mein us vyakti ko touch karne aur usko rokne ki jarurat bhi nahi hoti.

Giraftari ke liye kab bal ka prayog kiya jata hai ?

Giraftari ke liye bal ka prayog kiye jane se yah matlab hai ki sirf utne hi bal(force) ka istemal kiya jana jitne se kisi vyakti ko giraftar kiya ja sake. Yadi koi vyakti giraftari ka virodh karta hai ya giraftar hone se bachne ki kosis karta hai ya giraftar hone se bachne ke liye bhagta hai, to aise mein us vyakti ko police giraftar karne ke liye un har sadhano ka istemal kar sakta hai jisse us vyakti ko giraftar kiya ja sake yahi nahi iske alawa anya (other) vyaktiyon ki bhi help le sakta hai.

Giraftari ke mamle mein yadi bal(force) prayog dwara hatya kewal tabhi ki ja sakti hai jab us vyakyi ne koi ghor apradh kiya ho jiski sja ajivan karavas se ho ya mrityu dand se ho aur vah vyakti bachkar bhagne ki kosis mein ho.

Jahan kisi women ko giraftar karna hai aise mein giraftari kewal mahila police karmi hi kar sakti hai.Jab tak mahila police karmi nahi hai, tab tak tak police adhikari mahila ko giraftar karne ke liye uske sharir (body) ko touch nahi kar sakta. ( Criminal Procedure Code (Amendment) 2008).

Police Adhikari dwara bina warrant ke kab giraftar kiya ja sakta hai (Arrest of person without Warrant)

Samanya niyam yah hai ki police adhikari yadi kisi vyakti ko giraftar karne jata hai,to ussay pahle us vyakti ki giratari ke liye magistrate se pahle adesh lena hoga. Aur police adhikari kisi vyakti ko bina warrant ke giraftar nahi kar sakti.

Lekin Criminal Procedure Code mein kuch aise pravdhan ke bare mein bataya gya hai ki, jiske antargat Police adhikari kisi vyakti ko bina warrant ke giraftar kar sakti hai.

Section 41, Sectio 42, Section 123(6), Section 151, Aur Sectuin 432(3) ke antargat Police adhikari kisi bhi vyakti ko bina warrant ke giraftar kar sakti hai jiska.

Section 41 ke antargat kab Police adhikari kisi vyakti ko bina warrant ke giraftar kar sakti hai?

1.Jo vyakti police adhikari ki upasthiti (Presence) mein cognizable offence karta hai.

2.Yadi kisi vyakti ke khilaf uchit complaint ki gyi hai, ya police ko kisi apradh se sambandhit jankari milti hai, Ya police ko doubt hai ki kisi vyakti ne Cognizable offence kiya hai jiski sja ka pravdhan pravdhan 7 saal se kam hai ya saal tak ki jail ho sakti hai. 

3.Police adhikari ko aisa smadhan ho gya ho ki aisi griaftari aise vyakti ko koi aur apradh karne se rokne ke liye.

4.Proper investigation ke liye.

5.Aise vyakti ko apradh  se sambandhit evidence ko mitane ke liye aur  evidence ke sath koi chedchad karne se rokne ke liye.

6. Apradhi dwara kisi vyaktki ko dhmakane ya us vyakti ko is prakar manane ke liye ki vah police adhikari ya court ke samne apradh se sambandhit jankari na de jiske bare me usay kuch bhi malum ho. aisa apradhi dwara kiya jane se rokne ke liye police bina warrant ke giraftar kar sakti hai.

Yadi Police adhikari kisi vyakti ko bina warrant ke giraftar karti hai to aisa usay un reason ke bare mein likhna jarur padega ki usne aisi giraftari kyo ki hai.

Section 42- Nam aur nivas batane se inkar karne par Giraftari.

Jab koi vyakti jisne police adhikari ki upasthiti (Presence) mein koi cognizable offence kiya hai ya jis par police adhikari upasthiti mein cognizable offence karne ka arop lagaya gya hai, Police adhikari ke mangne par vha vyakti apna nam aur pta batane se inkar karta hai ya aisa nam aur nivas batata hai, jiske bare mein us adhikari ko yah vishvas karne ka reason hai ki vah nam aur nivas us vyakti dwara jo bataya gya tha vah galat hai, tab police adhikari dwara vah vyakti giraftar kiya ja sakta hai ki us vyakti ka nam aur nivas sahi malum kiya ja sake.

Section 432 -Danda desh ka nilamban ya prihar ke radd hone par giragtari. (Power to suspend or remits sentence) 

Aise vyakti jiske dandadesh ka nilamban ya parihar kiya gya tha sarkar dwara reject kar diya gya hai tab aise mein police adhikari dwara us vyakti ko bina warrant ke giraftar kiya ja sakta hai.