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NAISARGIK NYAY KE SIDDHANT- PRINCIPLE OF NATURAL JUSTICE

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Naisargik nyay ke siddhant ( Princinple of Natural Justice).
Naisargik nyay ke siddhant ke niyam ka pramukh udeshya yah hai ki nyayalaya dwara uchit aur pakshpat rahit nyay ho. kisi nhi vad (case) me nyayadhish ka rujhan na ho. ye ve niyam hai hai jo manmani prakriya ke khilaf nyayalya dwara vyaktiyo ke adhikaro ke liye pratisthit kiye gaye hai.
Naisaregik nyay ke siddhant ke niyam joki kuch is prakar hai =
  1. Koi vyakti apne hi mamle me nyayadish nahi ban sakta hai .( No man shall be judge in his own case.)
  2. Koi vyakti bina sune doshi nahi tahraya jayega. (No body should be condemend unheard).
  3. Jo sunvai kare vahi nirnay ( decision) kare. (One who heard must decide.)
  4. Paksho ko jirah ( Cross examination) ka avsar milna chahiye. ( Parties should be opportunity to cross- examination).
NAISARGIK NYAY KE SIDDHANT ( PRINCIPLE OF NATURAL JUSTICE).

 1. Koi vyakti apne hi mamle me nyayadish nahi ban sakta hai .( No man shall be judge in his own case.)
Naisargik nyay ka siddhant yah hai ki nyay uchit aur pakshpat rahit ho.Nyayalya ka jhukav ya paksh kisi pakshkar ke sath nahi hona chahiye. yadi kisi vad ( case) me nyayadish ka khud us sampatti ( property) me hit ( interest ) rakhta hai to vah us mamle ka niptara nahi karega . iska mukhya karan yah hai ki vyakti chahe kitna hi imandar ya mahan kyo na ho vah vyaktigat swartho se prabhavit ho hi jata hai . Kisi ye yah asha nahi ki ja sakti ki vah khud ke mamle me swarth rahit hokar uchit nyay kar sake. Isilye is niyam me yah kaha gya hai ki koi  bhi vyakti khud ke mamle me nyayadish nahi ban sakta hai.
Pakshpat 3 praakr ke ho sakte hai jo ki kuch is prakar ke hai :-

  1. Arthik pakshpat.
  2. Vyaktigat pakshpat.
  3. Shaskiya Pakshpat.

1. Arthik pakshpat.
Kabhi kabhi kuch mamlo me pakshpat ka yah karan bhi hota hai jis mamle me nyayadish ko nirnay karna hota hai usme nyayadish hit ( interest) nihit hota hai. yah hit (interest) arthik bhi ho sakta hai. yah hit (interest) chahe adhik ho ya kam , nayadish ko nyayadhikaran ka member bane rahne me amanya kar deta haI.

Yadi kisi banking company ka raashtreyakaran ( Nationalization) ho jaye aur us compnay ka anshdhari (share holder) is company ke khilaf vad (case ) nyayalaya me dayar kar de to koi aisa nyayadish us mamle me nirnay nahi karega jiska us company me koi ansh ho. 

2. Vyaktigat pakshpat.
Vyaktigat pakshpat  ka sawal tab hota hai jab koi aisa vad nyayadish ke samaksh ata hai jo ki us vad me uski ruchi hoti kyoki us vad ka pratyashk( direct )  ya apratyashk ( Indirect) rup se koi sambandh hai. 

3. Shaskiya Pakshpat.
Jab koi uchch shaskiye prashasnik adhikari kisi yojna ka karya karta hai aue us karya me uski vyaktigat ruchi pragat hone lagti hai. Aisa jadatar mantriyo ke sath hota hai kyoki ve n kewal yojnaye banate hi hai sath me use lagu bhi karate hai.

2. Koi vyakti bina sune doshi nahi tahraya jayega. (No body should be condemend unheard).
Is niyam ka yah matlab hai ki koi bhi vyakti bina sune doshi nahi tahraya jayega. Har vyakti ko apni paksh me safai dene ka pura avsar diya jana chahiye. Is siddhant ka mukhya udeshya yah hai ki kisi bhi nirdosh vyakti ko dnad ( punishment ) na mile. Iske liye yag jaruri hai ki -
  1. Har vyakti uske upar lagaye gaye aropo ki suchna di jaye.
  2. Us vyakti ko yah avsar diya jaye ki vah apne bachav ke liye uchit sakshi, abhilekh, ya anya prakar ke sakshya pratut kar sake.
3. Jo sunvai kare vahi nirnay ( decision) kare. (One who heard must decide.)
Is niyam ke mukhya udeshya yah hai ki jo sunvai karega vahi us mamle ka nirnay karega. Jo vyakti vad se sambandhit pakshkaro ( parties) ko sunega , us vad se sambandhit abhilekhi ko dekhega aur samjhega us vyakti ko us mamle ki janakri adhik hogi aur vah us mamle me uchit aur pakshpat nirnay kar sakega..

4. Paksho ko jirah ( Cross examination) ka avsar milna chahiye. ( Parties should be opportunity to cross- examination).
Kisi bhi vad me prati parikshan ( cross examination ) ka avsar dena, us vad me p rastut kiye gaye tathyo ki satyata ki parakh karne ka uchit avsar hota hai kyoki har pakshkar ( Parties) vyaktigat swarth se prerit hokar apna apna paksh nyayalaya ke samksh prastut karte hai . Is sthiti ( Condition )  me jab tak ek dusre ka prati parikshan (  Cross -examination ) n kar le tab tak sahi bat ka anuman lagana kathin hai isilye naisargik nyay ka yah siddhant hai ki har pakshkar ( Parties ) ko prati parikshan ( Cross examination ) ka avsar mle.

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lawyer guruji ब्लॉग में आने के लिए और यहाँ पर दिए गए लेख को पढ़ने के लिए आपको बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद, यदि आपके मन किसी भी प्रकार उचित सवाल है जिसका आप जवाब जानना चाह रहे है, तो यह आप कमेंट बॉक्स में लिख कर पूछ सकते है।

नोट:- लिंक, यूआरएल और आदि साझा करने के लिए ही टिप्पणी न करें।

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