Bhartiya sanvida ki dhara 14 kya kahti hai ? Section 14 of the Indian Contract Act ,1972

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Hello friend's,
Aaj is article mein aap sabhi ko yah batane ja rha hu ki contract karte time free consent ki kya importance hai. Contract karte time dono parties ki swatantra sahmati honi chahiye, jiska matlab yah hai ki kisi bhi contract ke time kisi prakar ka koi jor dabav na ho ,dhamka kar kisi bhi contract ko hami nahi bharai ja sakti hai. Jaisa ki pahle meine apne ek article mein contract ke essential element bataye thy, Jiase- Two parties, offer and acceptance, Consideration, Agreement, Minor, Capacity, Free consent.
Aaj hum bat karenge free consent ka hona kyo jaruri hai jab koi bhi contract karta hai.

Indian contract Act 1972, ke section 14 mein free consent ke bare mein bataya gya hai, Do ya do se adhik vyakti sahmat huye tab mane jate hai jab ki ve kisi ek bat par ek hi bhav mein sahmat hote hai.

Free consent tab kha jata hai jab kisi bhi contract mein ye sab shamil na ho jaise:-

1. Section 15 -Coercion.
2. Section 16 -Undue Influence.
3. Section 17 -Fraud.
4. Section 18 -Misrepresentation.

1. Section 15 Coercion.

Coercion ka matlab hai dhamkana, ya kisi ko dhamka kar koi kaam usse karvana. Yadi koi vyakti kisi dusre vyakti se karar (agrement) karta hai, aur us kaam ko karne ya na karne ki dhamki deta hai to yah coercion kha jayega. Yadi koi bhi contract dhmaka kar kiya jata hai, to vah  sunya hoga, aur aisa kiya gya har ek contract jisme dhamki shamil hai vah Indian penal code ke anusar illegal hai.

2. Section 16 Undue Influence. 

Yadi do parties ke beech koi bhi contract hota hai aur jisme undue influence shamil hai, to aise contract mein di gyi sahmati swatantra sahmati nahi mani jati hai. 

Jahan parties ke beech aise relation hai jisme unme se ek party dusri party ki icha ko adhisashit karne ki conditioin mein hai aur us condition ka istemal dusri party se unfair advantage prapt karne ke liye karta hai.

3.Section 17 Fraud.

 Yadi kisi  do partie ke beech kisi bhi prakar ka karark hota hai aur us karar ke liye jo sahmati li jaati hai yadi vah kapat ke addhar par li gyi hai, to vah contract sunya hoga. Kapat (Fraud) se matlab yah hai ki contract karte time kisi baat ko chupana ya us vyakti ko sahi baat na batana ya us vyakti ko dhokhe me rakhna. 

Yadi koi bhi contract fraud ke adhar par hota hai to, aisa har ek contract illegal hoga.

4.Section Misrepresentation.

Yadi do parties ke beech agreement hota hai par us agreement mein kisi bhi baat ko koi bhi party chupati hai, ya jhoot bolti hai, ya behkawe mein rakhti hai, ya yah viswas dilati hai ki uske dwara har ek baat satya hai, to aisa har ek agreement sunya hoga.